Editing Gloriavale Christian Community (section)

==Sexual and physical abuse==

=== Neville Cooper ===
In 1994, founder Neville Cooper was convicted of 11 charges of [[indecent assault]] and sentenced to six years imprisonment. The [[Court of Appeal of New Zealand|New Zealand Court of Appeal]] quashed these convictions and ordered a new trial. In 1995, he was convicted on three counts of [[sexual abuse]] against young members of Gloriavale at his second trial based on the testimonies of his son and several young women who had fled the compound. Though Cooper was sentenced to five years imprisonment, he was released on bail after serving eleven months.<ref name="Stuff May 2015" /><ref name="NZH April 2009">{{cite news |last1=Quilliam |first1=Rebecca |title=Father tells of rescuing kids from West Coast cult |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/father-tells-of-rescuing-kids-from-west-coast-cult/BDIIVRLXRJGB3JVSQAFMAGPV6Q/ |access-date=12 September 2023 |work=[[The New Zealand Herald]] |agency=[[New Zealand Press Association]] |date=23 April 2009 |archive-date=9 March 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210309130121/https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/father-tells-of-rescuing-kids-from-west-coast-cult/BDIIVRLXRJGB3JVSQAFMAGPV6Q/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Despite his conviction for sexual offending, Gloriavale's leaders withheld this information from the community and claimed that outsiders were persecuting Gloriavale and had spread lies about him. During his imprisonment, Cooper continued leading Gloriavale and regularly sent letters and consulted with the leadership.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Gloriavale leader Hopeful Christian dies |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/gloriavale-leader-dies-bizarre-world-of-hopeful-christian/EJOZH4TVEGXUNRWN3FUPBFSLS4/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230122150532/https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/gloriavale-leader-dies-bizarre-world-of-hopeful-christian/EJOZH4TVEGXUNRWN3FUPBFSLS4/ |archive-date=2023-01-22 |access-date=2025-12-15 |work=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref> Cooper later changed his name to Hopeful Christian.<ref name="Stuff May 2015" /> Cooper died of cancer on 15 May 2018, aged 92.<ref>{{cite news
|title = Gloriavale founder Hopeful Christian dies aged 92
|url = http://www.newshub.co.nz/home/new-zealand/2018/05/gloriavale-founder-hopeful-christian-dies-aged-92-report.html
|access-date = 15 May 2018
|work = [[Newshub]]
|date = 15 May 2018
|archive-date = 15 May 2018
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20180515112434/http://www.newshub.co.nz/home/new-zealand/2018/05/gloriavale-founder-hopeful-christian-dies-aged-92-report.html
|url-status = dead
}}</ref>

=== Howard Temple ===
Howard Temple was the leader of Gloriavale, holding the title of Overseeing Shepherd, from 2018 until his resignation in August 2025. Temple was charged in July and August 2023 with sexual offending against 10 girls between 1997 and 2022. The female complainants ranged in age from 9 to 20 at the time of the alleged offending.<ref>{{cite news |last=Chittock |first=Niva |date=2 August 2023 |title=Gloriavale leader Howard Temple facing indecency charges involving 10 girls |url=https://www.rnz.co.nz/news/national/494991/gloriavale-leader-howard-temple-facing-indecency-charges-involving-10-girls |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230802021234/https://www.rnz.co.nz/news/national/494991/gloriavale-leader-howard-temple-facing-indecency-charges-involving-10-girls |archive-date=2 August 2023 |access-date=2 August 2023 |work=[[Radio New Zealand]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Naish |first=Joanne |date=2 August 2023 |title=Gloriavale overseeing shepherd appears in court for alleged sexual offending |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/crime/132657162/gloriavale-overseeing-shepherd-appears-in-court-for-alleged-sexual-offending |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230914201036/https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/crime/132657162/gloriavale-overseeing-shepherd-appears-in-court-for-alleged-sexual-offending |archive-date=14 September 2023 |access-date=13 September 2023 |website=[[Stuff (website)|Stuff]] |language=en-NZ}}</ref> In late July 2025, Temple underwent trial on 24 charges of historic sexual offending against girls and women at the Greymouth District Court. Following two days of proceedings, he pleaded guilty to 12 charges including indecent assault, indecency and common assault.<ref>{{cite news |last1=MacDuff |first1=Keiller |date=30 July 2025 |title=Gloriavale leader Howard Temple pleads guilty to indecency charges |url=https://www.rnz.co.nz/news/national/568442/gloriavale-leader-howard-temple-pleads-guilty-to-indecency-charges |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250730045845/https://www.rnz.co.nz/news/national/568442/gloriavale-leader-howard-temple-pleads-guilty-to-indecency-charges |archive-date=30 July 2025 |access-date=30 July 2025 |work=[[Radio New Zealand]]}}</ref> In August 2025, Howard Temple resigned as the church leader and was replaced by Stephen Standfast.<ref name="leader">{{cite news |last1=Boswell |first1=Ryan |date=12 August 2025 |title=Gloriavale leader Howard Temple has resigned after admitting to abuse against girls and young women. |url=https://www.1news.co.nz/2025/08/12/gloriavale-leader-howard-temple-resigns-after-admitting-sexual-abuse/ |access-date=5 October 2025 |ref=leader |agency=1 News NZ}}</ref>

On 12 December 2025, Howard Temple was sentenced to 26 months in prison for the offences spanning 20 years and added to the child sex offender registry. The judge described the offences as excruciating for the victims. The 10 victims wrote in their victim impact statements how Temple had impacting their lives, describing issues such as panic attacks, anxiety, insomnia, and nightmares. One victim stated because of the sexual offending she feels very unsafe around men, impacting her ability to work. The judge gave Temple a 13% discount on his starting sentence of 3 years. The same day as he was given his sentence, Temple appealed against the sentence and was subsequently released on bail. Several Gloriavale members were in court to support Temple during his sentencing.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Leask |first=Anna |title='He had enormous power': Ex-Gloriavale leader appeals jail sentence over sex abuse against girls, women |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/victims-confront-former-gloriavale-leader-howard-temple-at-his-sentencing-for-decades-of-sex-offending/FZCFRPAGBNA7PE6PVSSAEZXJ5U/ |access-date=2025-12-12 |website=NZ Herald |language=en-NZ}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-12-12 |title=Disgraced former Gloriavale leader Howard Temple sentenced to 26 months' jail for sexual offending |url=https://www.rnz.co.nz/news/national/581672/disgraced-former-gloriavale-leader-howard-temple-sentenced-to-26-months-jail-for-sexual-offending |access-date=2025-12-15 |website=RNZ |language=en-nz}}</ref> In early March 2026, Christchurch High Court Justice Owen Paulson replaced Temple's prison sentence with a period of home detention..<ref>{{cite news |last1=Leask |first1=Anna |title=Gloriavale leader Howard Temple's prison sentence quashed - replaced with home detention |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/gloriavale-leader-howard-temples-prison-sentence-quashed-replaced-with-home-detention/B3QHQRKUPBFOBPQ5TLKKXQODOU/ |access-date=3 March 2026 |work=[[The New Zealand Herald]] |date=3 March 2026 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20260303022047/https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/gloriavale-leader-howard-temples-prison-sentence-quashed-replaced-with-home-detention/B3QHQRKUPBFOBPQ5TLKKXQODOU/ |archive-date=3 March 2026 |url-status=live}}</ref>

=== Jonathan Benjamin ===
In November 2023, former Gloriavale man Jonathan Benjamin was tried on 20 charges including four counts of rape during his time in Gloriavale between 1986 and 2017.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Chittock |first1=Niva |date=21 November 2023 |title=Gloriavale man's alleged sex crimes detailed in court |url=https://www.rnz.co.nz/news/national/502952/gloriavale-man-s-alleged-sex-crimes-detailed-in-court |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231227145200/https://www.rnz.co.nz/news/national/502952/gloriavale-man-s-alleged-sex-crimes-detailed-in-court |archive-date=27 December 2023 |access-date=28 December 2023 |work=[[Radio New Zealand]]}}</ref> On 11 December, Benjamin was convicted of 11 charges of sexual offending against four people during his time at Gloriavale.<ref>{{cite news |date=11 December 2023 |title=Jonathan Benjamin found guilty of historical sexual offences at Gloriavale |url=https://www.rnz.co.nz/news/national/504479/jonathan-benjamin-found-guilty-of-historical-sexual-offences-at-gloriavale |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231217012233/https://www.rnz.co.nz/news/national/504479/jonathan-benjamin-found-guilty-of-historical-sexual-offences-at-gloriavale |archive-date=17 December 2023 |access-date=28 December 2023 |work=[[Radio New Zealand]]}}</ref> In mid March 2024, Benjamin was sentenced at the Greymouth District Court to 11 years and 10 months for 26 charges of sexual offending against children. Several victims including Virginia Courage read victim impact statements.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Sargent |first1=Anna |date=18 March 2024 |title=Jonathan Benjamin sentenced to more than 11 years' jail for sexual offending against Gloriavale children |url=https://www.rnz.co.nz/news/national/512020/jonathan-benjamin-sentenced-to-more-than-11-years-jail-for-sexual-offending-against-gloriavale-children |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240318021543/https://www.rnz.co.nz/news/national/512020/jonathan-benjamin-sentenced-to-more-than-11-years-jail-for-sexual-offending-against-gloriavale-children |archive-date=18 March 2024 |access-date=18 March 2024 |work=[[Radio New Zealand]]}}</ref>

=== Tim Disciple ===
In early November 2022, Gloriavale member and dairy worker Tim Disciple had his prison sentence for indecent assault reduced. Disciple had been sentenced in June 2022 to two years and five months in jail after being convicted of seven charges of indecent assault against five victims including minors between 2000 and 2006. Disciple successfully appealed against his sentence to the High Court where Judge Jonathan Eaton reduced his sentence to 21 months. In addition, Disciple's name suppression was lifted, allowing the media to cover his case.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Naish |first1=Joanne |date=1 November 2022 |title=Gloriavale man has sentence reduced for sexual offending against five children |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/crime/130303091/gloriavale-man-has-sentence-reduced-for-sexual-offending-against-five-children |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221101135138/https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/crime/130303091/gloriavale-man-has-sentence-reduced-for-sexual-offending-against-five-children |archive-date=1 November 2022 |access-date=3 November 2022 |work=[[Stuff (website)|Stuff]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Mead |first1=Thomas |date=1 November 2022 |title=Revealed: Gloriavale man who abused five young people |url=https://www.1news.co.nz/2022/11/01/revealed-gloriavale-man-who-abused-five-young-people/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221101104158/https://www.1news.co.nz/2022/11/01/revealed-gloriavale-man-who-abused-five-young-people/ |archive-date=1 November 2022 |access-date=3 November 2022 |work=[[1News]] |publisher=[[TVNZ]]}}</ref>

=== John Ready ===
On 7 March 2023, the ''[[Timaru Herald]]'' reported that a former Gloriavale farm manager John Ready had pleaded guilty at the [[District Court of New Zealand|Timaru District Court]] to assaulting two 11-year old boys with a metal fence standard for disobeying him while performing farming chores at Gloriavale. Judge Jim Large remanded Ready on bail for sentencing on 13 June 2023 and also ordered that [[restorative justice]] options be explored with one of his former victims, who had since left Gloriavale.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Sail |first1=Doug |date=7 March 2023 |title=Gloriavale farm manager struck boys with metal fence standard |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/timaru-herald/news/131426986/gloriavale-farm-manager-struck-boys-with-metal-fence-standard |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230308072247/https://www.stuff.co.nz/timaru-herald/news/131426986/gloriavale-farm-manager-struck-boys-with-metal-fence-standard |archive-date=8 March 2023 |access-date=20 March 2023 |work=[[Stuff (website)|Stuff]]}}</ref>

=== Other charges of physical and sexual abuse ===
On 12 February 2021, the police laid charges of child abuse against two other members; an adult and a child.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Naish |first1=Joanne |date=12 February 2021 |title=Trio charged as investigation into alleged child abuse at Gloriavale continues |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/crime/124229571/trio-charged-as-investigation-into-alleged-child-abuse-at-gloriavale-continues?cid=app-iPhone |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210212082612/https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/crime/124229571/trio-charged-as-investigation-into-alleged-child-abuse-at-gloriavale-continues?cid=app-iPhone |archive-date=12 February 2021 |access-date=12 February 2021 |work=[[Stuff (website)|Stuff]]}}</ref>

On 4 August 2021, a former Gloriavale man pleaded guilty in the Greymouth District Court to eight charges of indecently assaulting girls, two charges of indecently assaulting a boy, and one count of sexual violation.<ref>{{cite news |date=4 August 2021 |title=Gloriavale man pleads guilty to indecently assaulting teens |url=https://www.rnz.co.nz/news/national/448444/gloriavale-man-pleads-guilty-to-indecently-assaulting-teens |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210811131020/https://www.rnz.co.nz/news/national/448444/gloriavale-man-pleads-guilty-to-indecently-assaulting-teens |archive-date=11 August 2021 |access-date=11 August 2021 |work=[[Radio New Zealand]]}}</ref>

=== Official investigations ===
Stories of child abuse, rape, and other forms of cruelty and subjugation have emerged.<ref>{{cite web |date=4 October 2018 |title=Gloriavale dad Clem Ready hit daughters with shoe, slipper, belt as discipline |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/crime/107597291/gloriavale-dad-clem-ready-hit-daughters-with-shoe-slipper-belt-as-discipline |access-date=18 October 2018 |work=[[Stuff (website)|Stuff]] |publisher=[[Stuff (company)|Stuff]] |archive-date=18 October 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181018122440/https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/crime/107597291/gloriavale-dad-clem-ready-hit-daughters-with-shoe-slipper-belt-as-discipline |url-status=live }}</ref> A wide-ranging government investigation into the community began in 2015, leading to a number of charges.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Gates |first1=Charlie |date=29 March 2017 |title=Gloriavale: Nine questions we can answer, and one we can't |work=[[Stuff (website)|Stuff]] |url=http://www.stuff.co.nz/the-press/news/west-coast/90924638/gloriavale-nine-questions-we-can-answer-and-one-we-cant |access-date=3 April 2017 |archive-date=29 July 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170729044718/http://www.stuff.co.nz/the-press/news/west-coast/90924638/gloriavale-nine-questions-we-can-answer-and-one-we-cant |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=7 April 2022 |title=61 people involved in alleged offending at Gloriavale – police |work=[[1News]] |url=https://www.1news.co.nz/2022/04/06/61-people-involved-in-alleged-offending-at-gloriavale-police/ |access-date=7 April 2022 |archive-date=7 April 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220407101409/https://www.1news.co.nz/2022/04/06/61-people-involved-in-alleged-offending-at-gloriavale-police/ |url-status=live }}</ref> News of controversial practices in the community led to the police making daily checks on the community in 2018.<ref name="hub">{{cite news |date=13 February 2018 |title=Gloriavale under pressure as police make daily visits to remote West Coast community |work=[[Newshub]] |url=https://www.newshub.co.nz/home/new-zealand/2018/02/gloriavale-under-pressure-as-police-make-daily-visits-to-remote-west-coast-community.html |access-date=18 October 2018 |archive-date=18 October 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181018122636/https://www.newshub.co.nz/home/new-zealand/2018/02/gloriavale-under-pressure-as-police-make-daily-visits-to-remote-west-coast-community.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>

==== Operation Minneapolis ====
In July 2020, the [[New Zealand Police]] in conjunction with [[Oranga Tamariki]] launched Operation Minneapolis, an investigation into child abuse at Gloriavale, after receiving information about alleged abuse of an 11-year-old boy.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|last=Beyer|first=Kurt|date=20 September 2021|title=Probe identifies 'numerous victims'|page=2|work=Hokitika Guardian}}</ref> In September 2020, a 20-year-old man was charged with doing an indecent act on three boys between the ages of 12 and 16 years.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Carroll |first1=Joane |title=Gloriavale man, 20, charged with indecent acts on three boys |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/crime/122860838/gloriavale-man-20-charged-with-indecent-acts-on-three-boys |access-date=12 February 2021 |work=[[Stuff (website)|Stuff]] |date=23 September 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201006042928/https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/crime/122860838/gloriavale-man-20-charged-with-indecent-acts-on-three-boys |archive-date=6 October 2020|url-status=live}}</ref> He was discharged in September 2021 without conviction after pleading guilty – the offences had occurred when he himself was a teenager and the court felt there was a low risk of him reoffending.<ref name=":0" />

==== Independent inquiry of allegations of sexual abuse at Gloriavale ====
On 22 March 2021, [[1News]] reported that two Christchurch-based lawyers Nicholas Davidson [[King's Counsel|KC]] and Stephanie Grieve had been asked by the trustees of Gloriavale's governing Christian Church Community Trust to hold an independent inquiry of allegations of sexual abuse at Gloriavale.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Boswell |first1=Ryan |date=21 March 2021 |title=Christchurch lawyers to lead independent inquiry into Gloriavale sexual abuse allegations |url=https://www.1news.co.nz/2021/03/21/christchurch-lawyers-to-lead-independent-inquiry-into-gloriavale-sexual-abuse-allegations/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210321064838/https://www.tvnz.co.nz/one-news/new-zealand/christchurch-lawyers-lead-independent-inquiry-into-gloriavale-sexual-abuse-allegations |archive-date=21 March 2021 |access-date=22 March 2021 |work=[[1News]]}}</ref>

==== Investigation into Gloriavale Christian School ====
On 11 August 2021, the New Zealand Police, Oranga Tamariki and the Teaching Council confirmed that they were investigating allegations of physical and sexual abuse of students at Gloriavale's school, which has 204 students ranging from Year 1 to Year 11. Several staff had also been stood down for unspecified reasons.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Naish |first1=Joanne |date=11 August 2021 |title=Gloriavale School under investigation for allegations about child safety |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/126038234/gloriavale-school-under-investigation-for-allegations-about-child-safety |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210809214723/https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/covid-19-coronavirus-ashley-bloomfield-apologises-to-mps-for-giving-wrong-information-on-infected-un-staffer/OC22N33XBF26GCD5OAC5KCFMWI/ |archive-date=9 August 2021 |access-date=11 August 2021 |work=[[Stuff (website)|Stuff]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Bolger |first1=Devon |date=11 August 2021 |title=Gloriavale School focus of police investigation into Christian community |url=https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/gloriavale-school-focus-of-police-investigation-into-christian-community/2S33DKRB77H6CAFLV6KP4XOMIQ/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210810223800/https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/gloriavale-school-focus-of-police-investigation-into-christian-community/2S33DKRB77H6CAFLV6KP4XOMIQ/ |archive-date=10 August 2021 |access-date=11 August 2021 |work=[[The New Zealand Herald]]}}</ref> Police claimed that at least 60 people in Gloriavale had been involved in "harmful sexual behaviour".<ref name=":0" />

On 26 May 2022, the New Zealand Teachers' Disciplinary Tribunal suspended the teaching license of former Gloriavale Christian School principal Faithful Pilgrim for three years. Pilgrim had endorsed the teaching license of a teacher named Just Standfast, who had sexually abused a child on two occasions in 2012 and 2016. The Tribunal had investigated Pilgrim after receiving a complaint from the Gloriavale Leaders' Trust that he had endangered children by covering up the teacher's offending. Standfast pleaded guilty to a charge of sexual contact with a child in 2019.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Naish |first1=Joanne |date=26 May 2022 |title=Gloriavale principal knew of sexual offending but allowed teacher to continue working |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/128773719/gloriavale-principal-knew-of-sexual-offending-but-allowed-teacher-to-continue-working |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220526180139/https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/128773719/gloriavale-principal-knew-of-sexual-offending-but-allowed-teacher-to-continue-working |archive-date=26 May 2022 |access-date=28 May 2022 |work=[[Stuff (website)|Stuff]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Edwards |first1=Jean |date=27 May 2022 |title=Sanction of former Gloriavale school principal 'a little soft', trust says |url=https://www.rnz.co.nz/news/national/467957/sanction-of-former-gloriavale-school-principal-a-little-soft-trust-says |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220526220815/https://www.rnz.co.nz/news/national/467957/sanction-of-former-gloriavale-school-principal-a-little-soft-trust-says |archive-date=26 May 2022 |access-date=28 May 2022 |work=[[Radio New Zealand]]}}</ref>

In mid September 2022, Gloriavale Christian School principal Rachel Stedfast claimed that a small group of people had made a coordinated campaign to close down the school by filing complaints against most of its teachers. As a result of the complaints, the affected teachers had been suspended from their teaching duties while the complaints were being investigated. Stedfast stated that none of the suspended teachers had been accused of physical sexual abuse.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Edwards |first1=Jean |date=15 September 2022 |title=Gloriavale Christian School principal hits out at critics |url=https://www.rnz.co.nz/news/national/474846/gloriavale-christian-school-principal-hits-out-at-critics |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220915082055/https://www.rnz.co.nz/news/national/474846/gloriavale-christian-school-principal-hits-out-at-critics |archive-date=15 September 2022 |access-date=21 September 2022 |work=[[Radio New Zealand]]}}</ref>

===== Abuse in Care inquiry =====
{{Expand section|date=December 2025}}
On 16 October 2025, [[New Zealand Police|Police]] and [[Oranga Tamariki]] revealed they conducted an investigation into the practice of silencing babies and children by covering their mouths and noses. During the Abuse in Care inquiry, they heard from ex Gloriavale members that the group's founder, Hopeful Christian, taught parents to cover children's mouths and noses to stop them crying, until the child was struggling to breathe. As a result of the investigation, two unnamed Gloriavale members were given formal warnings. The Police and Oranga Tamariki conducted a meeting at Gloriavale to educate the community on the physical, emotional and legal ramifications of the practice.<ref>{{Cite news |date=16 October 2025 |title=Formal warnings issued to members of Glorivale who silenced babies and children by covering their mouths and noses |url=https://www.rnz.co.nz/news/national/576127/formal-warnings-issued-to-members-of-glorivale-who-silenced-babies-and-children-by-covering-their-mouths-and-noses |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251016213841/https://www.rnz.co.nz/news/national/576127/formal-warnings-issued-to-members-of-glorivale-who-silenced-babies-and-children-by-covering-their-mouths-and-noses |archive-date=16 October 2025 |access-date=17 October 2025 |work=Radio New Zealand}}</ref>