Editing Debriefing (section)

=== Organizational ===
Debriefing in the business discipline is largely instrumental to [[project management]], particularly in "accelerating projects, innovating novel approaches, and hitting difficult objectives".<ref name="Sundheim">{{Cite news|last=Sundheim|first=Doug|url=https://hbr.org/2015/07/debriefing-a-simple-tool-to-help-your-team-tackle-tough-problems|title=Debriefing: A Simple Tool to Help Your Team Tackle Tough Problems|date=2015-07-02|work=Harvard Business Review|access-date=2020-04-19|issn=0017-8012}}</ref> Debriefs are considered to primarily serve developmental purposes rather than evaluative or judgmental. They are also considered to have more of a developmental intent than an administrative intent, such as in a [[performance appraisal]].<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Tannenbaum|first1=Scott I.|last2=Cerasoli|first2=Christopher P.|date=2013-02-01|title=Do Team and Individual Debriefs Enhance Performance? A Meta-Analysis|journal=Human Factors|language=en|volume=55|issue=1|pages=231–245|doi=10.1177/0018720812448394|pmid=23516804|s2cid=22260709|issn=0018-7208}}</ref> One difference in organizational and/or project management is that the debriefing process is not only conducted after the conclusion of other events, but can also be conducted in real-time to continuously evolve plans during execution. The main reason for focusing on debriefing in an organizational or even in a project management capacity, is to increase effectiveness of the team, both individually and collectively. One study found that properly conducted debriefings can help organizations realize individual and team performance improvements by about 20-25%.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Tannenbaum|first1=Scott I.|last2=Cerasoli|first2=Christopher P.|date=February 2013|title=Do team and individual debriefs enhance performance? A meta-analysis|journal=Human Factors|volume=55|issue=1|pages=231–245|doi=10.1177/0018720812448394|issn=0018-7208|pmid=23516804|s2cid=22260709}}</ref>

On the conclusion of a [[Invitation to tender|tendering exercise]] for a business contract, both successful and unsuccessful tenderers may be offered a debriefing meeting.<ref>[[State Government of Victoria]], [https://www.buyingfor.vic.gov.au/debrief-tender-participants-construction-guidance-81 Debrief for tender participants (Construction Guidance 8.1)], updated on 3 July 2023, accessed on 31 March 2025</ref>

==== Techniques ====
Fundamentally, key questions to consider during a debriefing session are:<ref name="Sundheim"/>

* What were we trying to accomplish?
* Where did we hit (or miss) our objectives?
* What caused our results?
* What should we start, stop, or continue doing?

Often, structuring debriefings by following a plan or outline visiting the main functions of the debriefing process are considered more efficient. Most debriefings require at least some planning and organization prior to assembly of the team.

==== Technology ====
Digital tools have emerged aiming to [[automate]] the preparation of a debriefing session, based on the anonymous answers to questions asked of individual team members. This information can then be used to generate a discussion guide for the person in charge of the debrief to guide that particular session.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Reyes|first1=Denise L.|last2=Tannenbaum|first2=Scott I.|last3=Salas|first3=Eduardo|date=2018-03-22|title=Team Development: The Power of Debriefing|url=https://go.gale.com/ps/i.do?p=AONE&sw=w&issn=19464606&v=2.1&it=r&id=GALE%7CA535943010&sid=googleScholar&linkaccess=abs|journal=People & Strategy|language=en|volume=41|issue=2|pages=46–52}}</ref> There is also an emergent debriefing model called "digital debriefing", which involves video-facilitated instructor debriefing.<ref>{{Cite book|last1=Konstantinidis|first1=Stathis Th|title=Digital Innovations in Healthcare Education and Training|last2=Bamidis|first2=Panagiotis D.|last3=Zary|first3=Nabil|publisher=Academic Press|year=2020|isbn=978-0-12-813144-2|location=London|page=24}}</ref> Due to the technologies used, this type of debriefing can be conducted remotely.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Chiniara|first=Gilles|title=Clinical Simulation: Education, Operations and Engineering, Second Edition|publisher=Academic Press|year=2019|isbn=978-0-12-815657-5|location=London|page=28}}</ref>