Editing Christian fundamentalism (section)

==== Canada ====
[[Peter Wiley Philpott]] (1865{{ndash}}1957) founded the United Christian Workers in [[Hamilton, Ontario]], in 1892. This [[Working class|working-class]] religious movement later became the fundamentalist [[Associated Gospel Churches of Canada]].<ref>{{cite thesis|first=David R.|last=Elliott|date=1989|title=Stories of Eight Canadian Fundamentalists|chapter=Chapter 5: P. W. Philpott (c.&nbsp;1866{{ndash}}1957): Patriarch of Fundamentalism|chapter-url=https://open.library.ubc.ca/media/stream/pdf/831/1.0098291/2#page=113|pages=109{{ndash}}110|degree=PhD|publisher=[[University of British Columbia]]|url=https://open.library.ubc.ca/media/stream/pdf/831/1.0098291/2|doi=10.14288/1.0098291|doi-access=free}}</ref> In his speech at the 1919 World Conference on Christian Fundamentals in Philadelphia, he asserted that personal experience of conversion cannot be reasoned against or argued away.<ref>{{cite book
|title=God Hath Spoken: Twenty-five Addresses Delivered at the World Conference on Christian Fundamentals
|date=1919
|publisher=Bible Conference Committee
|location=[[Philadelphia]]
|url=https://archive.org/details/godhathspoken0000na
|chapter=The Witness of Human Experience to the Inspiration of the Word
|last=Philpott
|first=Peter Wiley
|author-link=Peter Wiley Philpott
|pages=109{{ndash}}122
|chapter-url=https://archive.org/details/godhathspoken0000na/page/108/mode/2up
|access-date=18 August 2025
|via=Internet Archive
}}</ref>

An early fundamentalist leader was English-born [[Thomas Todhunter Shields]] (1873–1955), who led 80 churches out of the Baptist federation in Ontario in 1927 and formed the Union of Regular Baptist Churches of Ontario and Quebec. He was affiliated with the Baptist Bible Union, based in the United States. His newspaper, ''The Gospel Witness,'' reached 30,000 subscribers in 16 countries, giving him an international reputation. He was one of the founders of the international Council of Christian Churches.<ref>C. Allyn Russell, "Thomas Todhunter Shields: Canadian Fundamentalist," ''Foundations'', 1981, Vol. 24 Issue 1, pp 15–31</ref>

[[Oswald J. Smith]] (1889–1986), reared in rural Ontario and educated at [[Moody Church]] in Chicago, set up The Peoples Church in Toronto in 1928. A dynamic preacher and leader in Canadian fundamentalism, Smith wrote 35 books and engaged in missionary work worldwide. [[Billy Graham]] called him "the greatest combination pastor, hymn writer, missionary statesman, an evangelist of our time."<ref>David R. Elliott, "Knowing No Borders: Canadian Contributions to American Fundamentalism," in George A. Rawlyk and Mark A. Noll, eds., ''Amazing Grace: Evangelicalism in Australia, Britain, Canada, and the United States'' (1993)</ref>