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== Christianity == {{Main|Christian atheism|Death of God theology|Secular theology}} [[File:2005-11-20_-_United_Kingdom_-_England_-_London_-_Hyde_Park_-_Speakers'_Corner_4887898959.jpg|thumb|A man promoting Christian atheism at [[Speakers' Corner]] in [[Hyde Park, London|Hyde Park]], London, in 2005. One of his placards reads "To follow Jesus, reject God."]] [[File:Tillich_Park_Bust.jpg|thumb|Bust of [[Paul Tillich|Tillich]] by [[James Rosati]] in [[New Harmony, Indiana]]]] A few [[Liberal Christianity|liberal Christian]] [[Christian theology|theologians]] define a "nontheistic God" as "the ground of all being" rather than as a personal [[Divinity|divine]] [[being]]. Many of them owe much of their theology to the work of [[Christian existentialist]] [[philosopher]] [[Paul Tillich]], including the phrase "the ground of all being". Another quotation from Tillich is, "God does not exist. He is being itself beyond essence and existence. Therefore to argue that God exists is to deny him."<ref>Tillich, Paul. (1951) ''Systematic Theology'', p.205.</ref> This Tillich quotation summarizes [[Transtheism|his conception of God]]. He does not think of God as a being that exists in time and space, because that constrains God, and makes God finite. But all beings are finite, and if God is the Creator of all beings, God cannot logically be finite since a finite being cannot be the sustainer of an infinite variety of finite things. Thus God is considered beyond being, above finitude and limitation, the power or essence of being itself.{{cn|date=July 2020}} From a nontheistic, [[Naturalism (philosophy)|naturalist]], and [[Rationalism|rationalist]] perspective, the concept of divine grace appears to be the same concept as [[luck]].<ref>Kaufman, Arnold S. "Ability", ''The Journal of Philosophy'', Vol. 60, No. 19</ref> ===Nontheist Quakers=== {{Main|Nontheist Quakers}} A nontheist Friend or an atheist Quaker is someone who affiliates with, identifies with, engages in and/or affirms [[Religious Society of Friends|Quaker]] practices and processes, but who does not accept a belief in a theistic understanding of [[God]], a Supreme Being, the [[divinity|divine]], the [[soul]] or the [[supernatural]]. Like theistic Friends, nontheist Friends are actively interested in realizing centered [[peace]], simplicity, integrity, community, equality, and [[social justice]] in the Society of Friends and beyond.
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