Editing Ynglism (section)

===Characteristics===
Aleksandr Y. Khinevich (b. 1961) is a native of [[Omsk]] and graduated from the [[Omsk State Technical University]].{{sfn|Shnirelman|2017b|p=89}} He began to give an organisation to Ynglism between the 1980s and the early 1990, starting from the community ''Dzhiva-Astra'' (Джива-Астра) which practised [[exorcism]] and [[traditional medicine]],{{sfnm|1a1=Matytsin|1y=2009|1loc=passim|2a1=Shnirelman|2y=2017b|2p=89|3a1=Golovneva|3y=2018|3p=341}} and formally founded the Ynglist Church in 1992, in Omsk.{{sfnm|1a1=Gaidukov|1y=2000|1p=33|2a1=Matytsin|2y=2009|2loc=passim|3a1=Aitamurto|3y=2016|3p=50|4a1=Skrylnikov|4y=2016|4loc=passim}} In the same year he published a book entitled ''Ynglism, Short Course'', in which he put forward the backbone of his doctrine, and he visited the [[United States]] where he claimed to have established branch groups of the Ynglist Church.{{sfn|Shnirelman|2017b|p=90}} Later in the 1990s he published the ''Slavo-Aryan Vedas'', the fundamental books of Ynglism.{{sfn|Shnirelman|2017b|p=90}} As the head of the Ynglist Church he is known by his followers as ''Pater Diy'' (Патер Дий, meaning "Divine Father" or "Shining Father"),{{sfnm|1a1=Maltsev|1y=2015|1loc=passim|2a1=Yashin|2y=2016|2p=39|3a1=Shnirelman|3y=2017b|3p=91|4a1=Golovneva|4y=2018|4p=341}} or ''[[volkhv]]'' Kolovrat.{{sfn|Prokopyuk|2017|p=40}} He does not qualify Ynglism either as a "[[paganism]]" or as a "[[religion]]",{{sfn|Shnirelman|2017a|p=97}} but rather as a "[[cosmos|cosmic]] wisdom" brought by the Aryans,{{sfn|Shnirelman|2017b|p=89}} and preserved since ancient times in the region of Western Siberia.{{sfn|Gaidukov|2000|p=33}} The scholar Elena Golovneva argued that it is accurate to classify Ynglism a "[[new religious movement]]", or an "[[invented tradition]]", which nonetheless contains elements drawn from very old sources.{{sfn|Golovneva|2018|pp=341–342}} Scholars have identified influences from [[Hinduism]], [[Zoroastrianism]],{{sfn|Shnirelman|2017a|p=98}} [[Helena Blavatsky]]'s [[Theosophy]],{{sfn|Shnirelman|2017b|p=90}} and German [[Ariosophy]] within Ynglism.{{sfn|Saunders|2019|p=566}} The scholars Alexey V. Gaidukov and Kaarina Aitamurto described Ynglism as a movement focused on [[Western esotericism|esotericism]], with an authoritative leading hierarchy and a well-defined doctrine and liturgy.{{sfnm|1a1=Gaidukov|1y=2000|1pp=33, 42, 141–142|2a1=Aitamurto|2y=2007|2loc=passim|3a1=Aitamurto|3y=2016|3p=51}}

In the 1990s Khinevich had in all likelihood an acquaintance with Viktor Bezverkhy (1930–2000), the founder and major ideologist of [[Peterburgian Vedism]].{{sfnm|1a1=Prokopyuk|1y=2017|1p=38|2a1=Kutarev|2y=2017|2p=67}} Khinevich would have been granted the title of "honorary Wend" by the Union of Wends, the Rodnover organisation founded by Bezverkhy in 1990.{{sfn|Shnirelman|2017b|p=90}} Although there was not a full-fledged cooperation with the Peterburgian Vedists, and they never accepted the ''Slavo-Aryan Vedas'' of Ynglism, Khinevich reportedly took inspiration from Peterburgian Vedism and reprinted many materials of the Union of Wends.{{sfn|Kutarev|2017|p=67}} In the 2000s, [[Nikolay Viktorovich Levashov]] (1961–2012), after having elaborated his own teachings widely based upon Ynglism, established another organised Rodnover current, [[Levashovism]], which recognises the ''Slavo-Aryan Vedas'' as its fundamental sources.{{sfnm|1a1=Yashin|1y=2016|1p=40|2a1=Prokopyuk|2y=2017|2p=32|3a1=Golikov|3y=2019|3p=182}}

The scholar Polina P. Kocheganova noted that the "cosmic religion" proposed by Ynglism may be regarded as a "[[modernism|modernist]]" approach to Rodnovery, different from other currents which represent a "[[Traditionalist School (perennialism)|traditionalist]]" approach.{{sfn|Kocheganova|2020|p=248}} Similarly, Gaidukov defined Ynglism as an [[eclecticism|eclectic]] or "polysyncratic" (i.e. mixing together elements from different sources) form of Rodnovery.{{sfn|Gaidukov|2000|p=29}} For its characteristics, Ynglism is not regarded as genuine Rodnovery by some other Rodnover groups; in 2009, two of the largest Russian Rodnover organisations, the [[Union of Slavic Native Belief Communities]] and the Circle of Pagan Tradition, issued a joint statement against Ynglism, Levashovism, and the doctrines of other authors, deeming them "pseudo-Pagan teachings, pseudo-linguistics, pseudo-science and outright speculation."{{sfnm|1a1=Aitamurto|1y=2016|1p=51|2a1=Gaidukov|2y=2016|2p=40|3a1=Skrylnikov|3y=2016|3loc=passim|4a1=Prokopyuk|4y=2017|4p=45|5a1=Golovneva|5y=2018|5p=340}} Kocheganova observed that, however, also the teachings of those Rodnover groups which criticised Ynglism are based on hypotheses about ancient Slavic religion.{{sfn|Kocheganova|2020|pp=248–249}}