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=== Russia === {{See also|Center for Religious Studies in the name of Hieromartyr Irenaeus of Lyons|Alexander Dvorkin}} In [[Russia]] anti-cultism appeared in the early 1990s since the [[dissolution of the Soviet Union]] and the [[1991 August Coup]]. Some Russian [[Protestantism|Protestants]] criticized foreign missionaries, sects, and new religious movements. They hoped that taking part in anti-cult declarations could demonstrate that they were not "sectarians."<ref name="ReferenceA">{{Cite journal|last1=Shterin|first1=Marat S.|last2=Richardson|first2=James T.|date=2000|title=Effects of the Western Anti-Cult Movement on Development of Laws Concerning Religion in Post-Communist Russia|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/23921284|journal=Journal of Church and State|volume=42|issue=2|pages=247–271|doi=10.1093/jcs/42.2.247 |jstor=23921284 |issn=0021-969X|url-access=subscription}}</ref> Some scholars have shown that anti-cult movements, especially with support of the government, can provoke serious religious conflicts in Russian society.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Сергей Иваненко. О РЕЛИГИОВЕДЧЕСКИЕХ АСПЕКТАХ ИЗУЧЕНИЯ "АНТИКУЛЬТОВОГО ДВИЖЕНИЯ". А также о его воздействии на государственно-конфессиональные отношения в современной России |language=ru |trans-title=On Religional Aspects of Studying "Anticultural Traffic" and also about its impact on state-confessional relations in modern Russia |url=http://www.sclj.ru/news/detail.php?SECTION_ID=214&ELEMENT_ID=2546|access-date=2023-01-02|website=[[American Center for Law & Justice#Europe|Slavic Center for Law & Justice]] |first=Sergey |last=Ivanenko |date=August 17, 2009}}</ref> In 2008 the [[Ministry of Internal Affairs (Russia)|Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs]] prepared a list of "extremist groups." At the top of the list were [[Islam]]ic groups outside of "traditional Islam" (which is supervised by the Russian government); next were "[[Modern paganism|Pagan cults]]."<ref>Andreĭ Soldatov and I. Borogan. ''The New Nobility: The Restoration of Russia's Security State and The Enduring Legacy of the KGB.'' New York: PublicAffairs, 2010. 65–66.</ref> In 2009 the [[Ministry of Justice (Russia)|Russian Ministry of Justice]] set up a council called the Council of Experts Conducting State Religious Studies Expert Analysis. The new council listed 80 large sects which it considered potentially dangerous to Russian society and mentioned that there were thousands of smaller ones.<ref name="ReferenceA" /> Large sects listed included [[the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints]], [[Jehovah's Witnesses]], and what were called "[[Neo-charismatic movement|neo-Pentecostals]]."<ref>Paul Marshall, Lela Gilbert and Nina Shea. ''Persecuted: The Global Assault on Christians.'' Ebook version. Thomas Nelson Inc., 2013.</ref>
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