Editing New religious movement (section)

====Christian countercult movement====
{{Main|Christian countercult movement}}

In the 1930s, Christian critics of NRMs began referring to them as "cults".  The 1938 book ''The Chaos of Cults'' by Jan Karel van Baalen (1890–1968), an ordained minister in the [[Christian Reformed Church in North America]], was especially influential.<ref name = siegler2007/><ref>J.K. van Baalen, ''The Chaos of Cults'', 4th rev.ed. Grand Rapids: William Eerdmans Publishing, 1962.</ref> In the US, the [[Christian Research Institute]] was founded in 1960 by [[Walter Ralston Martin]] to counter opposition to evangelical Christianity and has come to focus on criticisms of NRMs.{{sfn|Barrett|2001|pp=104–105}} Presently the Christian countercult movement opposes most NRMs because of theological differences.  It is closely associated with [[evangelical Christianity]].{{sfn|Barrett|2001|p=97}}

In his book ''[[The Kingdom of the Cults]]'' (1965), Christian scholar Walter Ralston Martin<ref name=":1">[[Walter Ralston Martin|Martin, Walter Ralston]]. [1965] 2003. ''[[The Kingdom of the Cults]]'' (revised ed.), edited by [[Ravi Zacharias|R. Zacharias]]. US: [[Bethany House]]. {{ISBN|0764228218}}.</ref>{{Rp|18}}<ref name = "Free Lance Star">Michael J. McManus, "Eulogy for the godfather of the anti-cult movement", obituary in ''[[The Free Lance-Star]]'', Fredericksburg, VA, 26 August 1989, [https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1298&dat=19890826&id=FuBLAAAAIBAJ&sjid=S4sDAAAAIBAJ&pg=1201,1411394 p. 8].</ref> examines a large number of new religious movements; included are major groups such as Christian Science, The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, Jehovah's Witnesses, [[Armstrongism]], [[Theosophy (Blavatskian)|Theosophy]], the Baháʼí Faith, [[Unitarian Universalism]], Scientology, the Unity Church, as well as minor groups including various New Age groups and those based on [[Eastern religions]]. The beliefs of other world religions such as Islam and Buddhism are also discussed. He covers each group's history and teachings, and contrasts them with those of mainstream Christianity.<ref name = "Free Lance Star"/><ref>"unapologetically hostile to young and developing spiritual trends" {{cite journal|title=New Religious Movements in the 21st Century: Legal, Political, and Social Challenges in Global Perspective |author=Wendy Dackson |journal=Journal of Church and State|volume=46|issue=3 |date=Summer 2004|page=663|doi=10.1093/jcs/46.3.663}}</ref>