Editing Messianic Judaism (section)

===Scriptures and writings===

====The Bible====
Both the Hebrew Bible and the New Testament{{efn|The name of the New Testament is often translated back into Hebrew as {{transliteration|he|"Brit Chadasha"}}. This directly means "New Covenant", however "Testament" is traditionally taken from the Latin translation of {{transliteration|he|Chadasha}} ({{lang|la|"testamentum"}}), and therefore can mean both English words.}} are usually considered to be the established and divinely inspired biblical scriptures by Messianic Jews.<ref name="Beit Simcha"/> <!-- Next 
 two sentences both rely on GraftedInSof for now -->With a few exceptions, Messianic believers generally consider the written Torah, the five books of [[Moses]], to remain in force as a continuing covenant, revised by Jesus and the Apostles in the New Testament, that is to be observed both morally and ritually. Jesus did not annul the Torah, but its interpretation is revised through the Apostolic scriptures.<ref name="GraftedInSoF"/>

====Jewish oral tradition====
There is no unanimity among Messianic congregations on the issue of the Talmud and the Oral Torah. There are congregations which believe that adherence to the Oral Law, as encompassed by the Talmud, is against Messianic beliefs.<ref name="Brown-CPM-Talmud"/> Similarly, there are congregations which deny the authority of the [[Pharisees]], believing that they were superseded, and their teachings contradicted, by Messianism.<ref name="RabbiYeshuaRab"/> There are adherents which call rabbinic commentaries such as the [[Mishnah]] and the [[Talmud]] "dangerous",<ref name="RabbiYeshuaRab"/> and state that followers of rabbinic and [[Halakha|halakhic]] explanations and commentaries are not believers in Jesus as the Messiah.<ref name="RabbiYeshuaRab"/><ref name="BT"/> Other congregations are selective in their applications of Talmudic law, and may believe that the rabbinic commentaries such as the Mishnah and the Talmud, while historically informative and useful in understanding tradition, are not normative and may not be followed where they differ from the New Testament.{{sfn|Burgess|2006|p=308}}<ref name="CTOMC-SoF-4"/><ref name="MJRC2"/> Still others encourage a serious observance of Jewish [[halakha]].<ref name="Fischer"/>

====Messianic Bible translations====
{{Main|Messianic Bible translations}}

====Messianic publications====
{{unsourced section|date=December 2024}}
[[David H. Stern]] has released a one-volume Jewish New Testament Commentary, providing explanatory notes from a Messianic Jewish point of view. Other New Testament commentary authors include [[Arnold Fruchtenbaum]] of Ariel Ministries, who has written commentaries on the Epistles, Judges and Ruth, Genesis, and 7 systematic doctrinal studies.